Crockett
Executive
Function Processes and Self-Regulation: Research-Based Applications to
Teaching, Learning, and Mentoring
22/W 8:30
AM F Rockefeller
Type_Presentation: 3-Hour Pre-conference
Institute
PresentationTitle:
Executive Function Processes and Self-Regulation: Research-Based Applications to
Teaching, Learning, and Mentoring
ProgramStrand_Primary: Brain Compatible
Teaching/Learning
ProgramStrand_Secondary: Learning and Study Strategies
Presentation_description:
As
"the management system of the brain," Executive Function Processes
are higher order skills that impact both life and academic success. This
Institute will integrate research and practice in the neurosciences and
cognitive sciences, covering the spectrum from physiological processes to
theoretical underpinnings, and applications in the classroom and academic
support programs, particularly mentoring.
Information presented is intended for education practitioners and
administrators.
Session_summary:
Purpose
of the Presentation:
The
purpose of this Institute is to provide attendees with a conceptual
research-based framework for Executive Function Processes (EFP), as well as the
opportunity to apply this information to their classrooms or other academic
programs in which they have responsibilities. The following is a more detailed overview.
Executive
Function Processes are a set of controlled cognitive processes that we use in a
coordinated, dynamic way to direct our conscious thoughts, emotions, and
behaviors. Life success and
academic success depend increasingly on the mastery of EFP such as task
analysis, goal-setting, planning, prioritizing, sustaining attention,
inhibiting distractions, selecting and shifting strategies, and
memorizing. As children advance in
school, cognitive demands increase in reading, writing, and problem
solving. Parallel to these are
increasing demands in levels of independence, speed, organization, and self-monitoring. These tasks require coordination,
integration, and synthesis of multiple complex processes, calling on the
orchestration of diverse EFP.
Although these processes are used in daily tasks, they are especially
critical in new and challenging situations.
Unfortunately,
these skills are not often taught explicitly, and classroom emphasis is
generally on the product (what) rather than the process (why and how). Educators are often not well versed in
the developmental, neurological and cognitive sciences, and may have
expectations of students that are inconsistent with their skill levels or
needs. While some gifted students
may succeed with traditional instruction where there is little systematic strategy
instruction (e.g. modeling, guided practice with feedback, and scaffolding)
many other students are trapped in a vicious cycle of ineffective skills, poor
performance and self-sabotaging beliefs about their abilities. The far-reaching fallout from such a
cycle can be devastating.
Fortunately,
advances in research and technology in the past decade have impacted both the
neurosciences and cognitive sciences, allowing the two to inform as well as to
learn from each other. This presentation will set the scientific stage for
application to education by reviewing findings related to the brain and
mind. Understanding of the
structure and functions of the brain that give rise to the mind, as well as
theories about motivation, behavior, learning, and beliefs about successes and
failures, should guide educational practice.
When
teachers, tutors, and mentors understand the concepts of EFP and
Self-Regulated/Metacognitive Learning, and the mental processes involved in
learning, memory, and problem solving, they can help students develop a repertoire
of learning and regulating strategies (i.e. knowing why, when, and how to use them, as well as the
importance of effective, sustained effort ) that will be useful in their
academic, personal, and later professional lives.
Learning
Objectives:
¥ brain
structure, including interrelationship in neural networks connecting the
frontal lobe with sensory cortices
¥ the
conceptual framework of Executive Function Processes (i.e. processes that
direct our conscious thoughts, emotions, and behavior in four arenas)
¥ theoretical
underpinnings for EFP and Self-Regulated Learning (e.g. attribution,
motivation, self-efficacy, operant, constructivist, social/observational, and
social cognition).
¥ relationship
between EFP and Emotional Intelligence, Multiple Intelligences, and Triadic
Intelligence
¥ relationship
between EFP and learning disabilities and emotional/neurodevelopmental disorders
¥ trajectory
and variability of EFP development
¥ critical
role of Self-regulated Learning (self-monitoring, self-checking,
self-evaluation and resource management)
¥ promoting
development, internalization, and generalization of EFP and Self-Regulated
Learning in the classroom and in support programs (i.e. modeling, formal
learning systems/structures, scaffolding, guided practice and feedback, and
alternate assessment methods)
¥ incorporating
principles of EFP and Self-Regulated Learning in a certified mentoring program
using the facilitated mentoring model (i.e. identifying obstacles, constructing
a plan, using resources, developing skills, and monitoring, recording,
evaluating, and adjusting , as needed)
Significance
to the field:
This
presentation will draw together more than a decade of research and practice in
the neurosciences and cognitive sciences, including exciting recent
developments, and will apply the findings to teaching, learning and
mentoring. Furthermore, the
presentation will discuss dynamic inter-relationships among and within:
¥ Brain
(neurology), mind (cognition), and education
¥ Thoughts,
emotions, and behavior
¥ Monitoring,
evaluation, and control
¥ Challenging
academic / life demands and other influences
In
some measure due to globalization of communication and information, success in
school and the workplace increasingly requires individuals to take greater
responsibility for their independent learning, organizing and integrating a
rapidly changing and growing body of information. Fortunately, science is advancing as well. Students who have knowledge and use of
executive control processes have the power to succeed in school and in
life.
Relevance
to CRLA members and other conference attendees:
Understanding
of the significance, development, and strengthening of Executive Function
Processes is of critical importance to educators, whether they are in the
classroom, in administration, or in academic support services.
Outline
for Three-Hour Institute:
1. Introduction to
Executive Function Processes (EFP)
A. Conceptual
Framework/Theoretical Underpinnings/Definitions
B. Organizational Model
(Arenas, Domains, Functions)
C. Trajectory of
Development/Variability/Shifts
D. Measurement
(Reliability and Challenges)
2. Application to
Education
A. EFP and
Self-Regulated/Metacognitive Learning
B. Learning
Disabilities/Executive Function Deficits
C. Instructional and
Assessment Interventions for Promoting EFP
3. Application to a
CRLA Certified Mentoring Program
A. Selection of mentors
B. Training of
mentors
C. Program Structure
D. Program Content
4. Take-aways
Audience
interaction/engagement:
In
addition to ongoing interaction throughout the presentation, the audience will
complete a pre-test that covers the spectrum of presentation highlights, in the
process also applying the strategy of activating prior knowledge in preparation
for new learning. The pre-test
will also allow participants to anticipate and be attentive to relevant
information. Another introductory
activity will include identifying characteristics of successful and
unsuccessful students. Once attendees are familiar with the basic components of
Executive Function Processes/Self-Regulated Learning, they will be asked to
identify instructional strategies they may already be using, perhaps without
realizing that they support the development of EFP. Finally, participants will collaborate in group work
identifying instructional strategies that they can apply to their
courses/programs at their institutions, as well as anticipated obstacles to
implementing these.
Handouts:
Participants
will receive a full set of Power Point slides, as well as a packet including
nuts and bolts materials used in the Virginia Military Institute Cadet Academic
Mentoring Program.
PresenterÕs
experience with the topic: The presenter has conducted extensive research on
the topic, and administers a CRLA certified mentoring program that incorporates
principles of EFP. Past
presentations include:
ÒHill,
Skill, and Will: Components of Executive Function Processes Applied to
Teaching, Learning, and MentoringÓ (2008 Mid-Atlantic CRLA Conference)
ÒPeer
Academic Mentoring: Promoting the
Development of Executive Function Processes and Self-Regulated Learning in a
Nationally Certified ProgramÓ (2008 International Mentoring Association
Conference)
PresenterBio:
Until 2007, Anna Crockett was Director of the Miller Academic Center from the
time of its establishment in 1993.
With the assistance of talented and dedicated professional staff over
the years, the Center has expanded to include programs such as Peer-Led-Team
Learning (PLTL), Peer-Assisted Study Sessions (PASS), disabilities services,
and a CRLA-certified mentoring program.
Anna has held a number of positions with CRLA at the national and
regional levels, and has presented conference sessions for several
organizations. Anna earned an MAT
in German at the University of Illinois, and is also an Adjunct German
Instructor at VMI.